Authorities are reminding South Coast residents not to attempt caring for injured, sick, or orphaned native animals themselves. Instead, it is crucial to pass on the responsibility to the professionals to ensure the animal is given the correct medical treatment by a vet or qualified carer. Winter often causes an increase in incidents of wildlife road accidents, particularly involving wombats and kangaroos, it is critical these animals receive proper medical care. According to NSW National Parks and Wildlife Services (NPWS) and WIRES, native animals have specific dietary and care needs that only trained professionals know how to meet. Attempts to rescue them can often worsen their condition. Though, these organisations acknowledge that people often have the best intentions in rescuing wildlife, attempting to do so without the correct information and expertise can often cause more harm than good. Only licensed wildlife carers or registered veterinarians can legally rehabilitate native animals under the NSW Biodiversity Conservation Act 2016.WIRES CEO, Leanne Taylor, emphasises the risks of incorrect care leading to poor outcomes for wildlife saying, “the best way for the community to help a native animal in need of human intervention is to contact their nearest wildlife rescue group or WIRES for advice and if needed, a trained and authorised wildlife carer can attend.” Residents encountering injured wildlife are urged to contact local wildlife groups, a veterinarian, or WIRES Rescue Office at 1300 094 737 for any assistance. Prompt intervention by trained carers ensures animals receive proper treatment and are prepared for eventual release back into the wild. For more information on how to respond to encounters with sick, injured or orphaned native animals, visit the NSW Government website. By seeking professional help promptly, the community can effectively support the well-being and conservation of native wildlife during the winter season.

The Kiama community are eagerly preparing to participate in the year’s National Tree Day, a celebrated annual event that encourages community members to come together for environmental conservation. This year National Tree Day is on 28 July. Established in 1966, National Tree Day has since grown into Australia’s largest community tree planting and nature care initiative. More than 5 million volunteers have contributed their time and energy to plant more than 27 million native trees, shrubs and grasses. This year, Planet Ark aims to plant a million new trees across the country, reinforcing the importance of biodiversity and environmental control while strengthening community bonds through hands-on participation. Key themes for this year’s event include ‘planting hope’, to encourage engagement with nature and to inspire younger generations to work toward a more sustainable future amidst climate challenges. Additionally, the event will address the urgent need to protect threatened plant species, which constitutes over 70% of Australia’s endangered species. Local schools, councils, community groups and residents are encouraged to participate, National Tree Day for schools will be undertaken on 26 July. For any unable to lend a hand in person, donating to The Seedling Bank supports environmental projects nationwide, ensuring a lasting impact beyond the event. You can find local planting sites and volunteer opportunities through the National Tree Day website. 

Plastic Free July 2024 will see millions worldwide pledge to refrain from using single-use plastic items. Despite increased awareness, plastic wastage continues to increase. “The problem is worsening, because we are consuming so much more plastic in our products and packaging than ever before,” said Helen Lewis, Chair of Circular Plastics Illawarra. “In 2020-21, Australians generated around 2.6 million tonnes of plastic waste. This is double the amount we generated 20 years ago. Only 14 percent was recycled.”Lewis said that a major source of plastic pollution in the Illawarra region results from thoughtless disposal of items such as plastic bags, packaging and cigarette butts. These items can break down into smaller pieces and litter beaches, oceans and other waterways. “They are extremely hazardous to birds and marine life, which consume or get entangled in plastics. Fishing nets and fishing lines are another source of plastics that can be extremely hazardous in the marine environment.”Lewis suggests some easy changes to reduce plastic use and pollution in our daily lives :Bring a reusable cup for takeaway coffee Take a reusable water bottle out and aboutAsk your local grocers if you can bring your own containerAlways have reusable shopping bags on hand Buy fruit and vegetables as loose items (not pre-packaged)Place food waste directly into your green bin (no need for a compostable plastic bag)Place residual waste directly into your red bin (no need for a plastic rubbish bag)Check out your local council website to discover what can be recycled in your yellow binLook for businesses that sell reusable alternatives to single-use plastics.“Apart from changing your own habits, think about becoming more actively involved in community efforts to reduce plastics – for example, by volunteering at a food coop, picking up litter or joining a group of like-minded people such as Circular Plastics Illawarra,” encourages Lewis. “We’re working with our local councils, Environment Protection Authority (EPA), recyclers and others to try to provide more opportunities for locals to recycle materials like soft plastics.”To join Circular Plastics Illawarra in their mission to eliminate unnecessary plastics, visit: www.circularplasticsillawarra.org/join-our-community. For more plastic-free tips, check out: www.plasticfreejuly.org.

Illawarra Birders, a thriving birdwatching club with over 120 members, has recently been awarded a Community Grant from Energy Australia. The grant has enabled the purchase of four Wildlife Observation Kits, designed to enhance the experience at the community events hosted or attended by the club.Each kit contains a high-quality pair of binoculars and a comprehensive Australian Birds field guide, neatly packaged in a durable shoulder bag. These tools are essential for both novice and experienced birdwatchers, providing the means to better observe and identify the rich birdlife of the Illawarra region.Throughout the year, Illawarra Birders hosts a wide array of small community events, including their long-established monthly walk at the Wollongong Botanic Garden. These walks, along with the club's regular meetings, have become immensely popular among local residents eager to learn more about the area's avian inhabitants. Nearly a thousand people participate in these events annually.The introduction of the Wildlife Observation Kits addresses a common challenge faced by attendees: the lack of adequate birdwatching equipment. With the kits, participants can now enjoy a more fulfilling and educational birdwatching experience.David Wilson, Acting Head of Community Engagement at Energy Australia, expressed his support, stating, “Energy Australia is proud to be able to support the Illawarra community through the Tallawarra Community Grants program. We are pleased to support the Illawarra Birders in their efforts to improve awareness and understanding of our local fauna, including on the Tallawarra Lands.”Ralph Stadus, President of Illawarra Birders, also shared his gratitude: “We are grateful for Energy Australia’s support with this program. We look forward to sharing our knowledge with community groups and members. These Wildlife Observation Kits will greatly assist visitors in observing wildlife at our events. Our program of walks and meetings is on our website, and we welcome interested visitors.”With the support from Energy Australia, Illawarra Birders continues to foster a deeper connection between the community and the natural world, inspiring a new generation of bird enthusiasts.

By Jody Langlois, Committee Member of marine rescue organisation ORRCAWhale season has arrived in our beautiful region, with thousands of humpback whales migrating to warmer waters along the renowned whale highway. As these magnificent creatures grace our shores, it’s a timely reminder for the community to adhere to the rules designed to protect them. Key regulations to be aware of include: Drone Restrictions: Drones, also known as RPAs and UAVs, must maintain a distance of at least 100 metres from whales and are prohibited from approaching them head-on. Vessel Clearances: All vessels, whether motorised or non-motorised, including boats, jet skis, kayaks, and surfboards, must keep a 100-metre clearance from whales. Special Provisions for Calves: Vessels must maintain a 300-metre distance from whales accompanied by calves, ensuring these vulnerable pairs have ample space. Swimmer Distances: If you are in the water, you must keep at least 100 metres away from whales.These laws, enforceable by authorities, are crucial for the protection of marine mammals. The public is urged to comply to ensure the safety and preservation of these creatures. ORRCA, a volunteer-run, non-profit charitable organisation, is dedicated to the rescue, research, conservation, and protection of whales, dolphins, seals, and dugongs in Australian waters. By following these guidelines, our community can help ensure a safe and respectful environment for the whales during their migration. Let’s work together to protect these incredible marine animals and enjoy the wonder of their presence in our waters. I’m thrilled for whale season this year. With the waters now a bit too chilly for snorkelling, I spend all my free time at Bass Point, camera in hand, eagerly waiting to capture the perfect shot. I can’t wait to share the magnificence of these incredible creatures with everyone.Jody Langlois is an ORRCA Committee Member and an Illawarra local. For any concerns, entanglements, or strandings involving marine mammals, the ORRCA hotline is available 24/7 at 02 9415 3333. The Kiama Bugle is closely following the massive controversy over Federal Government proposals to place wind farms off the Illawarra coast, directly in the path of the annual whale migration.To learn more see our long form essay Politics, Profit and a Whale of a Dilemma by John Stapleton on our website. As our diligent readers have pointed out, the opposite view, that the wind farms will not harm the whales, is being pursued by Greenpeace. See their website.

Gerringong native Scott Gutterson had been tracking Roxy the octopus for some time. Then, in late March, his mum came over for a visit from Western Australia, and they went down to the Kiama Rockpool. Gutterson and his daughter were taking photos underwater, when he saw her in the little hole where she would stay her whole life.“That’s why I named her Roxy, it seemed like an appropriate name for an octopus in a rock pool,” he recalls. Little did Gutterson, who’s an Emergency Medical Services captain by profession, know that he would come to have the most amazing experience with this creature of the sea.The bluest of bluesA fully grown octopus tetricus, more commonly known as the “gloomy octopus,” Roxy measured one to two metres across, from tentacle to tentacle. (Each tentacle was 45-60 centimetres long.) Octopuses, which belong to the cephalopods, have the ability to change both the pattern and colour of their skin.Gutterson recalls going into the rock pool one night, seeing this intense blue ring around her eye and simply being in awe. “It was captivating,” he says.Popping in for a visit every other day, he’s not entirely sure how he discovered that tapping on a rock nearby would catch Roxy’s attention.“They [octopi] are curious and highly intelligent. With their tentacles, they can taste, touch and smell,” explains Gutterson.“She would wrap one tentacle and then another around my two fingers, and pull. I would gently squeeze them.”Gradually, the octopus became more and more comfortable with him.“Obviously, she thought ‘I recognise this guy. The one with the beard. I’ve spent some time with him and he’s not a threat.’ ”Gutterson encouraged his wife Kellie, who’s also a diver, to go down in the rock pool and interact with Roxy. But the octopus, too shy, wouldn’t come out of her hole.Becoming a mumInitially though, Gutterson didn’t realise that Roxy was pregnant until he noticed white pieces of string, “literally white strings hanging behind her.”He observed her looking after her eggs, and after having them, she never left her home.“She always kept a tentacle attached to the roof or one body part left in the hole,” he says.Roxy was now a mum, looking after her kids. But it wasn’t all swell in the rock pool. A blue-ringed octopus, known to be venomous, had been spotted, sitting on top of one of the ladders. A post about the visitor on the Kiama Community Facebook page caused quite the stir.“They wanted to drain the rock pool. If they did, it would have killed Roxy and her babies,” says Gutterson. He admits actually going looking for it, only to take a photo - not to interact with, he’s quick to point out. In his experience, these very small octopi, ten centimetres across at best, tend to shy away from people. “Boom – and they’re out of there,” Gutterson says.The Roxy movementEvery day, Gutterson swims with the Werri Point Swimmers, south of Gerringong, and spotting octopi has become something of a thing. He refers to it as, “the Roxy syndrome or the Roxy movement.”Just the other day, he says with a laugh, “a friend of mine said, ‘can we go looking for octopus?’ “ Because, as it turns out, there’s plenty of them around. Gutterson says that the natural rock pools provide a safe environment for them.An octopus they’ve nicknamed “Thorpe,” because of the speed with which it moves, saw Gutterson and his friend on the other side of the pool.“It travelled 60 metres across, and through all this weed, to say ‘G’day!’ “ he says, impressed. “That’s what I love about them, they’ll come out and have an interaction.”Because although Roxy sadly is no longer around, adult octopi generally only live two to three more weeks after laying their eggs, her legacy in and around the local rock pools where much lives on.

Australia's less glamorous animals, often referred to as “uncuddlies” like reptiles, fish, and insects, are driving a rapid increase in the number of threatened species. This World Environment Day - 5 June - Australians are encouraged to show these often-overlooked creatures some much-needed love and attention.The latest Australia en Danger report from Conservation Volunteers Australia (CVA), in collaboration with public affairs analysts Provocate®, highlights the critical need for action. CVA Executive Manager of Policy and Government Relations, Stephen McDonald, emphasised that threatened “uncuddlies” have grown at twice the average rate of threatened animals overall, increasing by 16% in just the past two years."Critically endangered reptiles and fish, which are on the brink of extinction, have seen alarming increases of 136% and 178%, respectively, since the Albanese Government launched its Federal Threatened Species Action Plan," Mr McDonald stated.Politicians often use charismatic animals like koalas to make a point on days like World Environment Day. However, while it may not be desirable - or safe - to cuddle a snake, skink, or snail, these findings show that Australia’s threatened "uncuddlies" urgently need support and protection. This is especially crucial in urban areas, where nearly half of the threatened species now reside. Simple actions, such as creating a one-by-one meter habitat in your backyard or balcony, can make a significant difference.Mr McDonald stressed that widespread community action is vital to prevent these species from disappearing entirely. He urged Australians to visit Conservation Volunteers Australia to sign up for nature repair and resilience events, download CVA’s community app, or make a donation."Australia has lost tens of thousands of conservation volunteers and tens of millions of dollars in Federal funding over the same period that our threatened species numbers have skyrocketed," said Mr McDonald. "This includes the Albanese Government's decision to cut the nation's mud army for wildlife and their habitats, despite many of these threatened species being affected by the Black Summer Bushfires."Alarming Statistics Since the Albanese Government's Threatened Species Action Plan (October 2022):Threatened reptiles (+35%; +23 species), fish (+30%; +19 species), and invertebrates (+39%; +28 species) have all grown at twice the average net increase in threatened animal species overall (+16%; +92 species).These increases are 26, 13, and 9 times higher, respectively, than the average growth under the previous Coalition government's nine years in office.In contrast, there has been a 0% increase in mammals, a 9% increase in birds, and a 14% increase in other species.Critically endangered fish and reptiles have seen near tripling (+178%) and more than doubling (+136%) of their numbers, compared to a 46% overall increase in critically-endangered species.Despite these severe increases, there has been no rise in the number of 'priority' threatened species classifications under the Threatened Species Action Plan, which are crucial for accessing government grants.Out of the 110 'priority' species in the current Action Plan, only 11 are reptiles, 11 are invertebrates, and 9 are fish.The Federal Government’s 2024-25 Budget did not include any new plans or 'Saving Native Species' funding and confirmed that the $90 million Landcare Rangers election commitment has been quietly shelved.The Albanese Government has also discontinued the nation's marine litter and environmental disaster volunteering programs, previously managed by CVA, which had over 25,000 volunteers, with no replacements in place.Proposed reforms to conservation laws have also been shelved by the Albanese Government.This World Environment Day let’s remember that every species, no matter how "uncuddly," plays a vital role in our ecosystem. By acting now, we can help ensure their survival for future generations.

The whale watching season has begun, a ripple of excitement moving up the coast as enthusiasts perch on headlands and promontories to watch and record one of the world’s greatest natural wonders.The migration up and down the East Coast of Australia extends from May to November as the behemoths travel up from the Antarctic to their breeding grounds off the Queensland coast, and then follow a similar route back with their new born calves.The hunting of whales began almost immediately after the European settlement. The export of whale oil was a major export industry during the 1800s, slowly dwindling in the 1900s as humpbacks were hunted almost to the edge of extinction. After years of impassioned activism by environmentalists, their killing was outlawed in Australia in 1978. Their numbers were variously estimated to have crashed to as low as 250 individuals, and have now dramatically recovered, with current estimates placing their population at around 40,000. They are believed to be increasing in number by about 10 percent each year.At up to 10,000 kilometres, the whale migration route is one of the longest animal migrations in the world. Having evolved from land mammals that lived in warm salty waters about 55 million years ago, their migration patterns developed to such a length as the animals became separated from their seasonal food sources.Manager of cruise operators Shellharbour Wild and Jervis Bay Wild, Bethany Vidler, said their tours have just begun. Tour groups mainly operate out of Jervis Bay, while most of the clientele out of Shellharbour are locals. “I think the fascination is just the pure size of the whales, and the breaches, and spy hop, where they poke their heads out of the water basically to look around, what they can do for the pure size of them.” “Especially on the long weekends, we get a lot of people from Canberra and Sydney come down to see the whales.” “They follow currents. If the currents are close into shore, they come in.”These majestic, ancient, highly intelligent animals, the subject of myth and legend across multiple human cultures, provoke both deep affection and awe in the Australian public. There are those who think they can hear them in their dreams, as these giant animals, believed to be some of the most intelligent on Earth, pass us by.  Keen whale watchers, cameras in hand, have already begun appearing at various viewing sites, including at the Kiama Blowhole, Minnamurra, Bass Point, Bushrangers Bay and Bald Hill at Stanwell Tops. Anthony Crampton, 76, a retired fisherman known as a “whale tragic” and highly respected amongst the whale watching community, has been out on the headlands photographing the whales virtually every day during the season since 2011.He says he is at a loss to explain his obsession. “They are just magical,” he says. “It is their effort to survive. There’s thousands of people right up the coast watching for them, all crazies like me.” “There have been sightings over the last three weeks, just one or two, but it wasn’t until a few days ago they fired up in real numbers. I sight them here, and it alerts people further north if I post the pictures and they can work out when they are going to see them.”“All the whale watchers, I would love to say, are all nutters. We are looking at something so special. It is a class of its own. Enjoy it while you can.”Keen whale watchers, cameras in hand, have already begun appearing at various viewing sites. Photo credit: Anthony Crampton.This year, the much-loved whales face their most serious threat since the suspension of hunting. The proposal to put hundreds of wind turbines off the South Coast has provoked furious controversy, and widespread concern about the future of the whale migration.Despite thousands of hostile submissions from residents, an official declaration from the Albanese government of the South Coast as a designated Offshore Wind Zone is expected any day now, the next step in the process. Last August, at an Illawarra Clean Energy Summit, Climate Change Minister Chris Bowen announced a formal public consultation period on the proposed Illawarra Offshore Wind Zone, an area covering 1461 square kilometres.“Australia is the world's largest island, without any offshore wind,” he said. “We lag the rest of the world, which has been developing this industry for years. This is something our Government has been working fast to fix.” “Offshore wind can help with energy security and resilience due to its power capacity and availability at times when solar power and onshore wind are not available. How we transition is vital, bringing people together and bringing them along on this journey.”What followed was a public relations disaster, and Bowen made far more enemies than friends. The government held information sessions, so-called “community drop-ins,” from Bulli down to Wollongong, Port Kembla, Shellharbour, Kiama and Gerringong. The sessions did little but stir hostility. Residents, expecting to attend town hall-style meetings, were instead given a bureaucratic brushoff. Consultation was in name only. Being handed leaflets by public servants provoked a visceral response from many people concerned about the destruction of their coastline.  As part of the community resistance, in a feat of local organisation, a number of intense and well-attended protest meetings were held.Here are some random comments from those meetings to illustrate the mood:“I have voted Labor for 45 years. I will never vote for them again.”“They are already putting out tenders. How disgusting is that! If we stand together we can really make a difference.”“No one knows about it. We have spoken to neighbours and friends, they had no idea.”“Everyone loves to see the whales. I was out there fishing, and one came right up next to me. This is the peak of the whale migration off the coast. We see them all the time.”“People have not been consulted. All the locals were expecting an open forum, a presentation and an opportunity to ask questions, none of which has happened. There are a lot of concerns about the marine life, and that no studies or research have been done.”“The government has no intention of listening to anyone.”A humpback's back flip caught on camera. Photo credit: Anthony Crampton.As part of the community resistance, a number of Facebook groups were established, including No Offshore Wind Farms Illawarra, which has 8,400 members, No Offshore Wind Farms for the Illawarra, which has 4,700 members and the Coalition Against Offshore Wind Community Forum, which has 2,600 members. Quizzed on when an announcement of the Illawarra as a so-called Offshore Wind Zone, a spokesperson for Chris Bowen said the Minister was currently considering all submissions for the Illawarra offshore wind zone.“Based on feedback from the submissions, the Minister can decide to declare all or some of the proposed zone. Before declaring an offshore zone, the Minister will balance the views of local communities and industries, including co-existence with existing marine users and interaction with the environment, as well the future energy security, supply for heavy industry, and job opportunities for the Illawarra region.”Minister Chris Bowen and other officials have consistently reassured the public that wind turbines do not pose a threat to whales, emphasising that these intelligent animals will simply swim around them. This sentiment has been echoed by both Labor and the Greens.Bowen has previously declared: “Whales are smart animals. They can navigate around oil rigs, gas rigs, cargo ships, cruise ships, offshore wind turbines.” Few people are convinced.Anthony Crampton, for one, doesn’t believe for a second government assurances that wind turbines won’t hurt the whales. He thinks it a travesty that taxpayers money is being directed towards foreign corporations who, as he puts it, are bent on destroying Australia’s marine ecology. Around 300 wind turbines are proposed, each a height of some 260 metres.“I would say to the government, pull your heads in, leave the whales alone,” he says. “There are many people around here just as fanatical as I am about looking after these creatures.”“I am dead set anti-wind farm. They say they’re not going to hurt the whales, but I firmly believe the noise they make will harm them.” “So much money has been poured into protecting these things, and now they are going to put things out there in the ocean that are going to destroy them. I haven’t heard anyone saying they are going to be a good thing.”The controversy is by no means limited to the Illawarra and the South Coast but has spread up and down the East Coast.In March, Bowen announced the declaration of the so-called Offshore Wind Zone for the Southern Ocean region of Victoria, an area stretching from the Limestone Coast down to Warrnambool, but the area proposed was cut by 80 percent after massive community opposition.Equally, on the other side of the country, at Geographe Bay in Western Australia, there are protests and disbelief at the proposal to install wind farms in the middle of a whale migration route.Back in NSW, the protests have been just as vigorous up and down the coast as they have been in the Illawarra. Frank Future, a whale watch operator working out of Port Stephens, said: “We don’t like the wind farms. Most whale watch operators are opposed. It’s a huge part of our industry.” “This is a fishing and tourist community. At least 70 percent of the adult population of Port Stephens are opposed. We are all together in this, we oppose it.”“The government had already declared the zone before the consultation. They weren’t very consultative. They didn't come to this community. You think of Labor as more consultative, but not at all.”“To see such a huge creature is a wonderful sight, and it’s only in the last few years we have had the opportunity to see them. There aren’t many good news stories in the environment. Considering they are all born in Australian waters, we have a right to love them and look after them.”Spokesman for Responsible Future Illawarra, Alex O’Bren, said there was growing concern within the community about the potential impact of the proposed Illawarra wind farm on these majestic creatures. “With Minister Bowen expected to announce the wind farm zone soon, the future of many whale seasons, cherished by both the local community and First Nations people for generations, hangs in the balance.”“We must take these concerns seriously. If politicians continue to dismiss the real impact on marine life and whales as misinformation we risk a catastrophic situation here in the Illawarra.”“If we do not heed the warnings of lifelong whale protectors and learn from international experiences, this could be one of the last whale migration seasons that the Illawarra gets to enjoy. “We have fought tirelessly for the recovery of whale populations and cannot allow a ‘renewables at any cost’-mentality to prevail. As a community that is a custodian for these magnificent creatures, we must ask questions and demand the highest level of environmental studies and one that is independent and not controlled or funded by profit making developers.”Approximately 40,000 whales and their calves that migrate through this pathway each year. Photo credit: Anthony Crampton.Significant concerns have been raised by both Sea Shepherd Australia, a name synonymous with the welfare of whales, along with Paul Watson, one of the co-founders of Greenpeace, in company with activists up and down both the East and West Coast of Australia. In their submission to the government, Sea Shepherd Australia called for more thorough research into the risks turbines pose to marine life and stressed the need for stricter regulations on developers before any turbines are approved.The submission underscored significant risks to critically endangered and other species, citing concerns such as unplanned spills, pollution events, pile driving, cable laying, artificial lighting, underwater noise, vibration, vessel strikes, blade strikes, and electromagnetic fields. Notably, a quarter of the submission focused on the risk of entanglement for the approximately 40,000 whales and their calves that migrate through this pathway each year. Entanglement risk is a major concern due to the kilometres of cables needed to anchor the massive turbines. Their report read: “On an assumption of floating wind turbines with catenary mooring lines being the preferred installation method in the Illawarra, there is likely to be a considerable network of lengthy underwater cables and lines and there is no research about what might happen to whales that might encounter this network, or their behaviour to seek to avoid this structure in their path. “The need for research about this is urgent particularly as floating technology has not yet been deployed anywhere else in the world at commercial scale.”“We don’t know how a whale population of this size is likely to fare when passing through or around this cluster of mooring lines together with the cables to floating sub-stations, and to shore that will carry the energy created by the turbines. It has been suggested by some academics that whales will be able to navigate successfully through or around these cables and lines but there is no precedent elsewhere in the world for this number of whales passing this number of lines at these depths.”Other groups have also expressed concern. The Organisation for the Rescue & Research of Cetaceans in Australia (ORRCA) have been monitoring marine mammals along the East Coast of Australia for more than 30 years. Vice-President Jessica Fox said it is imperative marine mammals are included in any environmental impact assessments as part of any feasibility studies with relation to the wind farm project. “The proposed location is a migratory route for many species including the blue whale and the southern right whale, both of which are endangered species,” she said. “Any future developments on the ocean need to have more evidence about potential impacts.”She said as the whale watching season began there was already significant concern over the number of boats and drones “getting way too close” to the whales.There is a 100 metre exclusion zone for boats and drones, with that being extended to 300 metres for any whales with calves. She also urged anyone with concerns for the welfare of any marine animals to contact ORRCA, which operates a 24 hour hotline. Whales are uniquely sensitive to sound, which travels further through water than it does through air. In April, after the mass stranding of pilot whales in Western Australia, the Smithsonian Institute, one of the world’s leading scientific bodies, noted that “human-made noises at sea can disturb whales’ ability to navigate”.Numerous studies, including by the US military, have found that whale beaching can be directly connected to human noise, be it from ships, submarines or recreational craft.One thing everyone knows about wind turbines, not only are they just plain ugly, they create a lot of noise. “Whales live in a soundscape of fear, listening is as important to them as vision is to humans,” says Patrick Miller, a marine biologist at the University of St. Andrews in Scotland and a joint author of research on why, when naval ships and other sea vessels use sonar, many whale species flee for their lives; some even stranding themselves on beaches in a desperate attempt to escape.Scientists now believe loud sounds trigger the same fear response as when the animals hear calls emitted by their most terrifying predator: killer whales.To hear unusual or loud human noises, such as sonar, triggers the same defensive reaction, Miller explains: “The whales aren’t confusing sonar with killer whale sounds,” he stresses. The cetaceans flee from sonar “likely because it is loud.” “They perceive it as a general threat, and that triggers their decision to escape. In time, susceptible cetacean species may learn that they don’t need to flee from sonar, but “they don’t have time to evolve,” Miller says. “All they know is ‘that sonar might eat me.’ And in their race to get away, they end up on a beach.”You can bet if whales do start beaching themselves as a result of the noise from wind farms, both during their construction and their ongoing operation, no one in the Australian government will put up their hand to take responsibility.Meanwhile, outrage in the community continues to mount as more and more people become aware of the broader issues surrounding wind farms and the extreme manipulation of the debate through various media outlets and government funded academics.  Mark Fox, an enthusiastic local photographer at this time of year, is even more entranced by the area’s natural beauty than usual when schools of dolphins and humpback whales pass close to shore. “It sickens me to the core that they would destroy the pristine, picturesque coast line with an industrial eyesore development stretching further than the eye can see.” “Wind farms are known to be an obstruction and danger for migratory whales. This will be an environmental, economic and tourism disaster for the region.”He speaks for many.As with everything to do with climate change, there are many billions of dollars involved, both in terms of money to be made by private corporations and taxpayer funds channelled into supporting the renewable push.Politics, profit and passion all tied up together. It is a putrid mix. For the government it is a whale of a dilemma. Make no mistake, wind farms are highly political. The potential destruction of the migration routes of Australia’s whales may well destroy Labor’s environmental credentials and come to be seen as a significant breach of public trust. The next election must be held during or before 2025. The Conservatives, recovering from an historical defeat in 2022, can already scent blood in the water.Opposition leader Peter Dutton visited Port Stephens twice last October to push against the Hunter Offshore Wind proposals, suggesting that the government had no idea what it was doing.“It’s very clear to me this is fast growing into a national scandal,” he said. “I don’t believe the government has done the necessary work. They haven’t undertaken the environmental impact statements that need to be carried out in any other like development onshore. The rising level of anger is something that Australians really should take note of.”Kiama Member of Parliament, Gareth Ward, is of a similar sentiment. "The proposed Federal Government zone for offshore wind would be smack-bang in the path of endangered species such as whales and birds. This impact needs to be understood and we shouldn’t risk the future of critically endangered species without further serious evidence and proper analysis." "I believe we need to reduce our emissions which provide for cleaner air, cleaner water, and a more sustainable environment. We do not inherit this planet from our parents, we borrow it from our children.""My chief concern with the Federal Government’s proposed wind factory off our coast is the lack of information, particularly when it comes to our environment," he said. "The government should be transparent and accountable about environmental impacts alongside the zoning process; environmental impacts should not be an afterthought."Controversy aside, this is a special time. Whale watching websites, most particularly the Shellharbour Whale and Wildlife Spotting group on Facebook, have lit up with remarkable images, including spectacular drone footage of whales swimming with schools of dolphins.There are no reliable statistics, but it is estimated that more than 1.5 million Australians will go whale watching this season. We are all flecks in the great torrent of life, and for most of us all we can do is the best by the day. So why not go down to the shore and join Australia’s armada of whale watchers? If nothing else, these majestic animals stir the mystic in us all.

Kiama’s eagerly anticipated Spring Garden Competition 2024 launched earlier this month. This year the competition categories promise to showcase a wide range of gardening talents and design ideas. Entrants will compete in the following categories: Garden over 1000 square metres - can include whole or part Garden under 1000 square metres - can include whole or partPredominantly native garden - whole or part of a garden with significant portion of Australian nativesCourtyard, balcony or indoor garden - referring to a garden almost enclosed by walls, fences, hedging or buildingsSenior living complex garden - Can include retirement villages and nursing homesEdible garden - can be vegetable gardens, culinary herb gardens, bush tucker gardens, or a combination of these with an element of sustainability and eco creation such as worm farms or composting, etc. Children’s garden - Created or cared for by a child or group of children. This can include childcare centres, school gardens or just a family backyard.These categories allow all types of gardens, big or small, traditional or innovative to have their moment to shine in the competition. Entries for the Spring Garden Competition 2024 are open until Friday 20 September. Don’t miss the chance to be part of this flourishing community event. Join in celebrating nature’s beauty and the shared passion for gardening in the Kiama community. Good luck entrants! Check out last years winners here: https://thebuglenewspaper.com.au/NewsStory/spring-has-sprung-garden-competition-winners-announced/653eeda0155f700028b859d6#topFor more information you can email [email protected] follow the Club on Facebook go here: https://www.facebook.com/p/Kiama-Garden-Club-Inc-100066376278429

In a melodic twist of conservation and creativity, The Australian Koala Foundation (AKF) has announced an exciting collaboration with acclaimed singer-songwriter and Koala Army Ambassador, Andy Penkow.Shades On Me, Andy's latest album was released on May 10. Two dollars from each album and vinyl sale will go directly to AFK. The contributions will play a crucial role in supporting the AKF’s ongoing conservation projects, and research initiatives.“Being a Koala Army Ambassador is an honour, and it’s a cause close to my heart. Koalas are an essential part of our national identity, and it is our responsibility to save them,” says Penkow. “Music has the power to inspire change, and through this partnership, I want to contribute to the AKF’s mission in a meaningful way. I hope when fans listen to Shades on Me, they reflect on the koalas of our land and enjoy that their support is making a real difference.”Deborah Tabart OAM, Chair of the Australian Koala Foundation says, “Andy has been an incredible supporter of the AKF and the koalas so far. As a Koala Army Ambassador, he’s been advocating for the safety of koalas and spreading the word of the vital work that we’ve been doing.” “This partnership is a perfect match, as it brings together creativity and conservation - something that I truly believe can be world-changing,” Tabart says.There are several ways that fans, supporters, and environmental enthusiasts can join Andy Penkow and the Australian Koala Foundation's mission to safeguard koalas:Purchase the physical album: Fans can buy Andy Penkow's album, Shades On Me from various locations, including his website, festivals and venues where he performs, JB HI-FI, and other outlets. Every sale of a CD or vinyl directly contributes to the preservation of Australia’s native species.Donate to the Australian Koala Foundation: Supporters can make a significant impact by donating directly to the AKF. These contributions will directly fund crucial initiatives such as the Koala Kiss Project, along with research and conservation projects dedicated to protecting and preserving koala habitats.By joining the mission, individuals can play a vital role in ensuring the welfare and survival of one of Australia's most beloved animals, the koala.In The Bugle article: “Food for thought on Threatened Species Day” (published on the app on 7 September, 2021), the research of environmental scientist Norm Robinson shows koalas were historically found at the Minnamurra Rainforest and Seven Mile Beach. Robinson says that there haven’t been a confirmed sighting of any in these areas since 2005. With creative initiatives like these, we can hopefully start to see more wildlife in our area.  Have you had any recent sightings of koalas in our area? Let us know at: [email protected].

When we explained to our children, aged 3, 5 and 7, that we were going to plant trees before our friend’s wedding, they were excited as it was an excuse to get muddy. A close friend, the presenter and environmental educator Laura Wells, was getting married and, as part of the celebration, she and her husband had partnered with Shellharbour City Council to plant over 3,000 trees with their wedding guests at Blackbutt Forest Reserve.My husband works in the environmental sector and, in the early days of our relationship, we spent our weekends volunteering with Illawarra Intrepid Landcare — a group of young volunteers who undertake conservation projects. Since becoming parents, we have let our commitment to ‘eco-volunteering’ ebb; however, on this rainy day in Shellharbour, I remembered why I was drawn to it. According to a study by the Australian Health Promotion Association, environmental volunteering has a number of ‘co-benefits’ — meaning it benefits the planet and the people who are doing it. For volunteers, it can enhance mental, physical and social health, and strengthen their connection to the environment. It can reduce ‘eco anxiety’ and feelings of helplessness around climate change. It’s also a fun, free activity for the entire family.“It’s great to see families attend [Bushcare sessions],” says Bronwyn Anderson, team coordinator for Bushland Management at Shellharbour City Council. “Parents get to see their children discover how to nurture nature, and they get to learn valuable information about weeds and natives that they can take home with them or share with friends.”Currently, there are seven Bushcare and Landcare groups operating in Shellharbour, including Warilla Dunes Bushcare and Tullimbah Landcare, working to rehabilitate and preserve native bushland. Although Kiama does not have an active Bushcare program, it does have multiple Landcare groups, stretching from Jamberoo to Foxground.The main difference, according to the Illawarra Landcare website, is that Bushcare groups are supported by funding and resources from local Councils. In May 2022, Shellharbour City Council’s Environment Team successfully secured $160,000 in grant funding, as part of the Flying-Fox Habitat Restoration Program. This funding will support the planting of 30,000 trees, including the ones my children dug into the ground.For families, the commitment is not overwhelming. Most Landcare and Bushcare groups meet once a month, on a Saturday or Sunday, with projects that suit different capabilities. For children, they can learn by doing.“If you are a parent with young children and are interested in getting involved, I would say try it once,” says Anderson. “We want it to be a rewarding experience and not a task, so, there’s no commitment pressures. Every little bit counts towards helping the environment.”Register your interest in planting trees on the Shellharbour City Council website.There you can also register for an event celebrating the National Tree day on 28 July. For more information, visit shellharbour.nsw.gov.au or landcareillawarra.org.au.

In a battle of rival aerial images, the Friends of Minnamurra River (FOMR) are concerned about Boral’s 5B sand mine south of Dunmore House, and the dieback of the grey estuary mangroves. Boral claims the dieback started before the mining began.Locals first noticed the dieback near the mine site in early March 2024, as shown in FOMR’s drone photos. Sand mining began on the site on 30 October 2023.Mangrove dieback from water course (Credit FOMR)FOMR spokesperson Will Chyra says the sand mine may have changed drainage patterns, which caused the mangroves to wither and die.“Mangrove dieback has a number of common causes such as human intervention to local groundwater and drainage patterns, dredging for industrial purposes or housing developments and physical disturbance from clearing riparian vegetation,” Will Chyra says.“The estuary dieback areas also appear to extend from the larger area near the shore, along both sides of tidal channels fringed with dead and dying mangroves, to a number of smaller dieback areas closer to the main river,” he says.In mid-February 2024, Boral cleared all vegetation around the 5B dredging site, including a 400-year-old Bangalay sand forest and the rare Southeast Littoral Rainforest.A Boral spokesperson says the images it supplied, taken in June and July 2022, show the start of environmental degradation - “a grey area”- before the construction of the 5B site.Aerial images supplied by Boral, June & July 2022 (Credit Nearmap).“Boral notes that aerial images of the small area of mangrove referred to by FOMR show progressively reducing mangrove vitality before the establishment of the Stage 5B pond … and is not likely to be the result of Boral activities,” a Boral spokesperson says.“An alternative explanation could be that the mangrove dieback was due to changes in sea and water levels.”Yet, an enlarged Google Map dated July 2022, shows little observable damage to the mangroves south of Dunmore House.Boral sand mine 5B on left and mangroves to the right, July 2022 (Credit: Google Maps)FOMR has asked the Department of Planning and Environment, and the Environmental Protection Authority (EPA) to investigate.Mangroves take carbon dioxide from the atmosphere and bury it in their roots for thousands of years, which is released when they die.The NSW Department of Primary Industries imposes a maximum penalty of $220,000 for a corporation, or $110,000 for an individual, found to have damaged a mangrove without a permit.The dredge pit area will be left as a private lake at a depth of 27 metres, and will cover 7.5 hectares (18.5 acres), when Boral exhausts the sand supply in about 12 months.The Dunmore Lakes Sand Mine project was approved by the New South Wales Independent Planning Commission in November 2020.

You may have come across a peculiar plant known as the White Flower Moth Vine. While its appearance may resemble that of a harmless choko fruit, its hidden dangers have caught the attention of concerned locals.The Moth Vine, scientifically identified as an invasive species, poses serious risks to both humans and animals. Contact with its foliage can lead to itchy skin, and its toxicity is harmful when ingested. The plant's silky white hair seeds, when released, contribute to rapid spread in the wind and waterways.During a quick search, I discovered a significant presence of Moth Vine near Kiama High School. Moth Vine near Kiama High SchoolPositioned conspicuously along roadways, the plant's resemblance to the common choko vine may mislead those unaware of its dangers, particularly when the seeds remain in proximity to a school and a densely populated area, as they do around Kiama. Additionally, I observed growth along the railway lines.The growth pattern of Moth Vine is not only fast but also highly competitive, often outcompeting native plants and reducing habitats for local wildlife. This aggressive behaviour has classified it as a major threat to vulnerable and endangered species, as recognized by authorities in New South Wales. Moth Vine's poisonous nature, both through direct contact and ingestion, shows the need for awareness among the public about the symptoms of poisoning and appropriate emergency responses. If exposed, immediate medical attention is advised.Recognising Moth Vine is crucial for early detection and management. Its distinctive features include triangular leaves, tube-shaped creamy-white or pink flowers, choko-like fruit, and blackish seeds with silky white hairs. The invasive spread of Moth Vine extends across eastern New South Wales. Its ability to thrive in various climates, aided by wind, water, and human transport, shows the need to rid it. Let us know if you've seen moth vine in the area and make sure to educate others on the dangers of this deceptive fruit. The Moth Vine was originally introduced into Australia in the 1800s as an ornamental plant and is native to South America.The NSW Government has issued the following advice: The leaves and seeds are poisonous. The latex sap can cause skin and eye irritation and in some cases it can cause breathing difficulties. What to do if a person is poisoned:If the patient is unconscious, unresponsive or having difficulty breathing dial 000 or get to the emergency section of a hospital immediately.If the patient is conscious and responsive, call the Poisons Information Centre on 13 11 26 or your doctor.

The Australian Seabird and Turtle Rescue group has been thrown a lifeline, with a shared $50,000 donation from the Greater Bank to the environmental and animal rescue groups in the region. Launched on the NSW’s South Coast in 2005, the group rescues and rehabilitates seabirds, shorebirds, sea turtles and sea snakes. It operates along the coastline south of Sydney, taking in Wollongong, Nowra, Batemans Bay, Bega, and Eden.The new funds ensure ASTR is well-positioned to continue its crucial work in rescuing marine wildlife.Spokeswoman Lauren Manning-Darby is keen to point out the financial strain imposed by caring for sick and injured animals and the importance of ongoing support in tackling threats faced by marine life. From entanglements in fishing gear to pollution to contaminated waterways and plastic pollution, there are many challenges, making ASTR's initiatives vital for the wellbeing of coastal ecosystems.Greg Creagan from Greater Bank said the wildlife rescue group’s work was important in maintaining the delicate balance of the coastal ecosystem. “Everything has its place in the ecosystem, but with threats to ocean and shore life these animals are finding it harder to survive,” Mr Creagan said. “So many of these species are thriving thanks to the work of Australian Seabird and Turtle Rescue, so we’re thrilled at Greater Bank to support their efforts. We know they will continue to do amazing work into the future!”The #GreaterIllawarra Community Funding Program, which awards monthly grants to local not-for-profits, has been instrumental in channelling support to deserving causes like ASTR. With over $237,000 donated to date, the program serves as a major support for grassroots initiatives.To participate in the program or nominate a not-for-profit for future rounds, interested individuals can visit the Greater Bank website. This ongoing initiative exemplifies the power of collective action in safeguarding the environment and supporting animal welfare in the Illawarra region.

Clean Up Australia Day returns for 2024 this Sunday 3 March, and the Kiama community is being asked to participate. Collective action is needed to combat litter and pollution, and this initiative is the perfect opportunity for the community to play its part. Gareth Ward MP highlighted the turnout of over 760,000 Australians who actively engaged in the day last year. This year’s event will focus on bringing generations together to tackle litter in local communities and prevent it from entering our natural environments.  Among the most commonly reported items collected on Clean Up Australia Day are vapes, cigarette butts, coffee cups and soft plastics. The initiative aims to address the litter issue and to raise awareness around waste reduction, recycling and a sustainable future. Gareth Ward will be at Mahogany Creek Reserve in North Nowra this Sunday from 9am-12pm where he will be joining local Mahogany Creek Reserve Landcare volunteers. “As a passionate conservationist, I understand the importance of initiatives such as Clean Up Australia, and I am urging local residents and community groups to get involved this weekend and show your support for this fantastic initiative.”Registrations for Clean Up Australia Day 2024 are now open with volunteers to receive a free kit that contains gloves, bags, and other resources. Packs are available for individuals, families and local community groups, with businesses requested to cover a small fee to support the initiative’s costs. Clean Up Australia Day 2024 presents an opportunity for the community to come together, make a tangible impact on local environments and advocate for a cleaner, greener future. 

The Kaleula Headland Landcare Group has had a big 2023 and want to share the hard work they’ve put in to help restore native flora and fauna at the headland south of Kendalls Beach.The group held its first session in March 2021 and has around 12 members currently. They meet up at the headland on the third Saturday of each month for a couple of hours looking after the land before enjoying a cuppa and cake with friends. Kaleula Headland Landcore aims to reduce the invasive weeds in the area to encourage natural regeneration of local endemic plant species, improve the aesthetics of the area and build resilience in the ecosystem to be able to withstand and recover from extreme weather events.The area in question stretches 6195m2 on Dharawal Country and is home to remnants of a Littoral Rainforest that once stretched across the coastline, thought to be one of the largest Littoral Rainforests in the country.Over the years, the site has become heavily infested with invasive species like Lantana, Coastal Morning Glory and Ground Asparagus, which Kaleula Headland Landcare have worked to remove over the years. The area has its own unique challenges though, with some invasive species growing on the side of a sheer cliff face.The group’s coordinator, Meredith Hall, completed a Cert III in Conservation and Land Management at TAFE using the site. She says that the challenges of the site are probably why invasive species weren’t cleared from the area in the first place.“So, we’re always mindful of ensuring that we leave enough ground cover to maintain the site’s stability, while gradually restoring those native species, it’s a delicate balance.” Meredith said.The group has also left some lantana in the area to act as a windbreak and maintain a habitat for the birds that fly through the area.“The idea with restoration of a site like this is to encourage natural regeneration of native species so they slowly replace the invasive species,” said Meredith.“So, what you’ll see is that we’ve left some lantana to act as a windbreak and maintain a bit of habitat while the native species we’ve planted, like the coastal wattle and Port Jackson figs, have time to get established and bear fruit, which they are doing now.”The group is always keen to introduce new members, and already has a program of work for the new year. “We’ve got a good plan in place for 2024 with some more maintenance in the pipeline and some preparations for additional planting in April and May,” Meredith said.“It’s a really friendly group, we’re always on the lookout for new members, we all have busy lives and just turn up when we can, it’s such a thrill to turn up and see how the site is progressing.”The group meets at the picnic tables closest to the site at Kaleula Headland on the morning of the third Saturday of each month. Anyone interested in getting involved can email [email protected] to find out more.

Online florists Little Flowers has teamed up with Jamberoo Mountain Farm to replant live Christmas trees on their property after the holidays to highlight how much we spend and waste.After Christmas Day, Little Flowers will collect Christmas trees from customers and take them to the Robertson property at the top of Jamberoo Mountain Road to replant them, free of charge.Little Flowers owner Sarah Regan had the idea to replant Christmas trees years ago and has finally made it a reality with the farm’s owners, Lachlan and Nicole Feggans.Research commissioned by Little Flowers found that Australians are expected to spend $333 million on live Christmas trees in 2023, with an average cost of $152 each. While 2.07 million are expected to be purchased, nearly a million will end up in the bin or out on the curb after Christmas Day.Jamberoo Mountain Farm is a regenerative property that focuses on improving soil fertility, building soil structure and restoring ecosystem processes destroyed through years of livestock grazing. The property sits among beautiful rainforest that was cleared in the late 1800s for agriculture, but thanks to the difficulty in removing the forest, the majority of it remains.“The system that we use is a time-controlled grazing approach and what that allows us to do is to move the animals around the farm, use them to spread their fertility and build the soil as that process happens,” Lachlan told The Bugle.The farm is well known for its Jamberoo Mountain Farm Eggs sold around the Kiama LGA, but the farm also produces cattle and other food products.Lachlan said his farm’s regenerative processes have been successful to the point where Jamberoo Mountain Farm is ready to move onto the next phase of its regeneration plan, which is to start reconnecting fragmented parts of the rainforest. He’s aware that Christmas trees aren’t native to the Southern Highlands, but they will form part of a broader biodiversity approach to help reintroduce other native flora and fauna to the area.

A distressed Wattlebird pair and their nesting fledgling have been endangered in a severely pruned Crepe Myrtle tree near the IGA Gerringong front door entrance by the severe pruning of their tree and surrounding trees along the car park outside the IGA. Local and Former Gerringong residents have raised concerns to The Bugle over the severe pruning of the trees; none of the branches have been observed with any new branch growth or leaf growth. Staff at IGA say the pruning happened about 2 months ago.Wattlebird nest in overpruned crepe myrtle treeThe aggressive pruning has left the nest exposed, putting the mother bird at risk from potential predators like crows and magpies.When The Bugle visited the nest on Friday 1 December it was clear the nest is within a few metres of the front door of the IGA, and quite close to the pole where shoppers will normally tie up their dogs.Two Bird rescue organisations contacted by The Bugle (WIRES and WRSC Wildlife Rescue South Coast) confirmed that by the size of the baby wattlebird was a fledgling very close to trying to fly.“By the size, the bird will start learning to fly under the anxious eyes of its parents within a few days. The crisis will occur if the fledging falls so close to so many humans and dogs. The parents will do their best, but survival chances sadly are not good.”The organisations confirmed there was no way to move the nest successfully, as the fledgling would be abandoned by the parents, and it would be moved into other birds’ territories.However, they said the fledgling was most at danger to dogs and a sign could be possibly put on the tree to alert those passing by.Residents who approached The Bugle emphasised the need for greater awareness regarding the challenges faced by Wattle Birds. They stressed that individuals involved in tree pruning must conduct thorough checks to avoid endangering innocent birds.Little Wattlebirds are native to south-eastern and south-western Australia, including Tasmania. They thrive in dry, scrubby environments like banksia heaths, forests, woodlands, as well as urban parks and gardens.The core message is a plea for community awareness about the local fauna and the importance of preserving their habitats. Responsible tree management is crucial to ensure the safety and well-being of these vulnerable birds in our midst.

It's surprisingly simple to embrace an eco-friendly Christmas, and more enjoyable than the conventional route of purchasing everything from the store. The handcrafted approach adds a personal touch and is often more budget-friendly than retail purchases. Celebrating Christmas while positively impacting the planet is not only possible but also rewarding. Here are The Bugle's recommendations for a sustainable holiday season.Acknowledging that Christmas tends to be a wasteful period, generating millions of extra tonnes of waste compared to the rest of the year, here are our top three suggestions in each Christmas category that will reduce your environmental footprint without compromising on quality and value.Decorations:Get real: Artificial trees have a high carbon footprint – some 40kg of greenhouse gas emissions in fact – so buy a real one for a more authenticity and choose a local option, but make sure that it’s sustainably grown!Do it yourself tree or decorations: This fun creative option is great especially if space is at a premium. There are many types, such as driftwood, painted pallet wood, mobiles, twigs and sticks. Rent a tree: A potted tree can be rented over the Christmas period, and then returned to the supplier until next time! It can also contribute to the fresh air in your home at the same time.Wreaths & Decorations:Use your creativity to DIY a wreath: It is possible to use a kit to make your own sustainable wreath and have some family fun and interaction at the same time. The internet full of options on how you can go about it, and the various materials that can be used, like fresh foliage or dried flowers.Invest in eco-friendly decorations: Opting for eco-friendly options ensures that your decorations not only stand the test of time but also align with ethical and environmentally conscious choices. Explore a variety of "ethical Christmas decorations" to find a plethora of sustainable and aesthetically pleasing options.Craft personalised table decorations: Engage the entire family in a delightful and simple DIY project to create unique table adornments. Sourcing materials is a breeze, and the added benefit is the freedom to select the contents, steering clear of conventional plastic trinkets. Additionally, consider reusing your crackers for an eco-friendly touch.Gifts:Make edible gifts: Explore the vast array of delightful Christmas recipes, ranging from candied orange peel to indulgent white chocolate fudge. A quick online search will help you discover the perfect recipe to suit your preferences, ensuring that your gifts are not only delicious but also personalised.Give an Experience: Challenge the conventional notion of wrapped gifts by opting for experiences instead. From concerts and shows to high tea or memberships/subscriptions, the possibilities are vast. Consider the recipient's interests and your budget, ensuring a thoughtful and memorable present that goes beyond material possessions.Opt for Fairtrade, Ethical, and Local: Make a positive impact by selecting gifts that are Fairtrade and ethically sourced, preferably from local businesses. This thoughtful choice not only contributes to the well-being of communities but also supports the local economy, creating a meaningful and sustainable approach to gift-giving.Wrapping:Embrace DIY gift wrapping: Elevate the presentation of your gifts by opting for a creative DIY approach. Consider using recycled parcel paper and add a personal touch with homemade potato stamps featuring vibrant vegetable ink. Explore 'How To' videos on platforms like YouTube for inspiration and step-by-step guidance, ensuring your wrapped gifts are not only visually appealing but also environmentally conscious.Use fabric: Traditional Japanese Furoshiki is very attractive, and the added bonus is that it is plastic-free as well. Traditional Japanese Furoshiki Recycle: Another option is to recycle last year’s Christmas wrapping or utilise reusable boxes. Even newspaper can look good. Foods: Avoid the massive waste that normally occurs over the Christmas season.Buy ‘seasonal’: Embrace what's currently in season for a thoughtful and budget-friendly approach to your holiday giving. Enjoy cost-effective options that align with nature's rhythms and support local farmers and businesses. Good planning: Ensure efficient and mindful shopping by creating a detailed plan that considers the number of guests and meals to be prepared. Purchase quantities based on your plan, avoiding overbuying. If you wish to have reserves for unexpected situations, focus on items with a long shelf life or those that can be frozen, minimising waste and maximising practicality.Feast on healthy snacks in between meals: To avoid sugar can carb overload, choose snacks that tick the ‘healthy’ box for the benefit of your guests and family. There are plenty of ethically sourced foods that are available, and a quick web search will reveal these. Drinks:Zero waste cocktails: Celebrating the festive season by making your own lime infused vodka and lots more ideas when you search ‘zero waste cocktail ideas’. Try alcohol free: The popularity for sustainable non-alcohol beers and spirit alternatives is growing. It’s also a great idea for your health and waistline to give this a try.Go ethical: No matter what you are drinking this festive season, think about keeping plastic out of your teabags, or consider trying Fairtrade coffee. The Bugle wishes you and your family a clean green and highly enjoyable Christmas celebration.